So I think the motivation behind what someone is saying is key to determining whether it's likely to be hurtful or not. Why are they saying what they're saying. What is their motivation.
This is the definite big question. Manners can be changed pretty easily (with time and patience) but motivations require deeper work.
My husband was raised where his dad made sarcastic comments "just teasing" that were really veiled passive aggressive jabs. Really, I don't know that I like his dad much personality wise. Like, if I met him and he wasn't my dad in law, I don't know that I would bother to make friends with him. But husband grew up thinking this way of operating was normal. He can be passive aggressive at times too and I call him on it. He comes back with "I was just joking" and I would counter with, "well, I don't think it's funny."
I think his motives with the whole teasing into conformity thing is to see the kids avoid pain from being different. Different in areas that can be helped. We can buy them better clothes, we can teach them better conversation skills, we can teach them better manners. We are. It's funny actually- adults (parents of their friends) have told me on numerous occasions how much they like having our kids around. That they're so polite, friendly and helpful. That they even wish their kids were more like that . So, maybe we're seeing more of the sloppy behavior at home because that's what kids do- the more they trust you, the more they push the boundaries.
Anyway, I don't think bullying or teasing or passive/aggressive is the solution. I've been open with them about my concerns for them (showing vulnerability). In how I want them to enjoy a wider variety of interests so they can befriend a wider variety of people. So they can be part of a better tribe and be less lonely. I do comment that they need to keep themselves healthy (eat well, feel well and not become overweight), keep themselves tidy (brushed hair, trimmed nails, clean clothes and freshly showered), and present themselves well (good manners).
They're both a bit of odd ducks. DS is a bit Aspie (diagnosed) and DD is into dragons and Pokemon and not so much nails and hair and dolls. DS loves animals, will catch snakes and frogs and take care of baby bunnies. Things most girls in her class aren't into. She has no patience for gossipy mean girl bullshit (which I am SO proud of!) and the people who participate in it. Since her class size is small (60 total, 30ish girls), that means she's got about 12 people who aren't the catty girl type and about 5-6 girls in her core group. I wouldn't say she runs with the "cool crowd," but I don't think that bothers her too much and she seems to have a good socialization.
DS I'm more worried about- he's not athletic (thanks to poor muscle tone from Autism ) and most of the boys in his class are type-A athletes. He's really creative with Legos, minecraft, likes working on projects in the basement with his dad and way more into building and designing things. Not many of the boys in his grade are into that. He's very sensitive, has trouble not personalizing things and is working hard to learn to manage his emotions and perspective. (Wonder where he got that from ). He does have a core group of about 3-4 friends who are odd ducks like him- all good kids who get picked on too and aren't terribly into the type-A domination and pack hierarchy stuff the other boys are. It's funny, when he's one on one with these other boys, they get along great! He just doesn't run well in the pack. Feels like the omega. It's DS I'm most worried about and DS that my husband is most concerned about too.
Thing is, husband's concerns are good ones- fitting in more so you can get along with more people and have a smoother path in life and a better social support. The problem is, he's been programmed to think that the ones worthy of fitting in with are the "cool kids." I call bullshit on that because often the "cool kids" are the ones that act insensitively and bully. They don't own their shit and put it on everyone else. Husband has learned to do this so he can be picked on by fewer people himself. I really think his childhood was more damaging than he admits to or wants to think about. Between his passive aggressive dad and the catty entitled kids in our community we grew up in, I think a lot of damage has been done.
Motive are good, methods are utter shit. Vulnerability? Not to be shown or you'll get attacked by the "cool kids."
Oh, and since there's way more "cool kids" in our ultra monied type A community than not, being a "cool kid" is the way to go. They're not wrong since there's sooooo many of them. Since we're not just like them, we must be the problem. What a load of crap.
Anyhow, we're getting there- husband is improving his methods. I have hope that eventually he'll understand how his aspirations and standards are a bit misplaced.